Bank loan business plans center around your business’s finances. They are all about proving to lenders that you have been running a successful business in the past, but more importantly, they will want to know if you can keep it up. Enter Financial Projections, a window into the future of your business’s finances. They can predict success or failure, therefore it is important to try and make the most accurate forecasts, especially if you are trying to get a loan. To break them down, there are three key components of financial projections.
- Pro forma income statement
Pro forma income statements predict your future revenue, and they are the biggest portion of your financial projection. They include all of your operating expenses, taxes and show your earnings for a specific time period. So in order to project income statements you will need to make assumptions about potential sales. For that, you will need to look back into your history in sales and/or conduct market research. This part of the financial forecast is extremely important in your Bank Business Plan, because it shows your business will be able to generate enough income to repay your debt.
- Cash flow
Cash flows represent money movement, more precisely the amount of money going in and out of your business for a certain period of time. They consist of two parts:
- Cash inflow (revenue) - all the money accumulated through sales
- Cash outflow (cash disbursements) - all of the expenses your business has
Cash inflow and outflow are later compared to calculate money surplus or deficit. Cash flows are necessary for financial forecasting and bank loan business plans because they can predict future money movement in your company and can be used to calculate your credit risk. They show the lenders just how responsible you will be with your business’s finances and if you will have enough money on hand to repay your loan.
- Pro forma balance sheet
Pro forma balance sheets present a total estimate of your business’s net worth including assets, liability and equity. In order to make a good balance sheet you will need to gather data, the further back the better. It is generally recommended to collect at least two years of your business’s financial history. A pro forma balance sheet predicts what business will own and owe, which determines if you are a suitable candidate for a loan. Because banks do not tend to take big risks, having something to offer as collateral helps minimize that risk and show that there is a safety net in case your business fails or you otherwise default on your loan. It is important to note that a pro forma balance sheet has to match your income statement and cash flow, any inconsistencies will deter loan officers from approving your loan.
In the end keep in mind...
Pro forma income statements, balance sheets and cash flow are all necessary parts of financial projections. But because they are all based on assumptions it would be beneficial to make several different projections. Collecting all of your business’s financial data helps, but a good financial forecast will take into account other factors as well, such as market trends and currents, or unexpected costs and losses. That is why usually more than one forecast is included in bank loan business plans, ranging from the most optimistic to the most pessimistic scenarios.
Bank Business Plans are written with a purpose of getting a loan approved. Therefore, they rely heavily on the most accurate and detailed financial projections. If made properly, they can show your business will produce a steady revenue, and you'll be able to repay your debt.
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